Dependencia en adultos mayores con enfermedad de Alzheimer en el Hospital Civil de Tepic, Nayarit, México / Dependence in Aged Adults Suffering from Alzheimer Disease at Tepic Civil Hospital, Nayarit, México

Introducción: El mundo ha experimentado un proceso de cambio que implica múltiples transiciones, como la demográfica y epidemiológica. En México, la prevalencia de las enfermedades demenciales como el Alzheimer tiene una tendencia al aumento, de ahí que sea necesario estudiar y analizar sus repercusiones en la población. Objetivo: Determinar el grado de dependencia en adultos mayores con enfermedad de Alzheimer en un hospital de segundo nivel en Nayarit, México. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo, corte transversal y enfoque cuantitativo. Se aplicó el índice de Barthel para evaluar las actividades básicas de la vida diaria a 29 cuidadores principales de los pacientes registrados en la base de datos del hospital. Las variables elegidas fueron: sexo, edad, municipio y grado de dependencia. El análisis de los datos se realizó mediante el programa SPSS de IBM versión 20. Resultados: La edad media fue de 79 años; el 62,1 por ciento fueron mujeres y el 37,9 por ciento hombres; el municipio con mayor número de pacientes fue Tepic (44,8 por ciento); con respecto al grado de dependencia, la independencia fue la más frecuente (27,6 por ciento), seguido de dependencia total (24,1 por ciento). Se evidenció correlación entre defunciones y grado de dependencia con un nivel de significancia por debajo de 0,000 (error α). Conclusiones. En Nayarit existe dependencia en los adultos mayores con enfermedad de Alzheimer. Los cuidadores primarios reciben poca o ninguna capacitación para el cuidado de estos pacientes. El subdiagnóstico de esta enfermedad de alguna manera favorece la dependencia, pues no se orienta o no se otorgan las medidas básicas terapéuticas a la familia para el apoyo del enfermo, esto a su vez es de especial interés debido a que existe una correlación estrecha entre defunción y dependencia(AU)

Introduction: The world has undergone a process of change that involves multiple transitions, such as demographic and epidemiological. In Mexico, the prevalence of dementia diseases such as Alzheimer's has an increasing trend, hence it is necessary to study and to analyze its impact on the population. Objective: To determine the degree of dependence in aged adults with Alzheimer's disease in a second-level hospital in Nayarit, Mexico. Methods: This is a descriptive study with cross-sectional and quantitative approach. The Barthel index was applied to assess the basic activities of daily living to 29 main caregivers of the patients registered in the hospital database. The variables chosen were sex, age, municipality and degree of dependency. Data analysis was performed using the IBM SPSS version 20 program. Results: The mean age was 79 years; 62.1percent were women and 37.9percent men; the municipality with the highest number of patients was Tepic (44.8percent). Regarding the degree of dependence, independence was the most frequent (27.6percent), followed by total dependence (24.1percent). Correlation between deaths and degree of dependence was evidenced with a level of significance below 0.000 (α error). Conclusions: In Nayarit there is dependence in aged adults suffering from Alzheimer's disease. Primary caregivers receive little or no training in caring for these patients. The underdiagnoses of this disease in some way favors dependence, since the family is not guided or the basic therapeutic measures are not given to support the patient, this in turn is of special interest because there is close correlation between deaths and dependency(AU)

Efecto del extracto de cresta de gallo, rico en ácido hialurónico, sobre los parámetros isocinéticos en personas con gonalgia leve / Effect of rooster comb extract, rich in hyaluronic acid, on isokinetic parameters in adults with mild knee pain

Introducción: La artrosis de rodilla se manifiesta en una primera fase como una gonalgia leve y produce una disminución de la fuerza muscular, que puede ser valorada objetivamente con la prueba isocinética. Dentro de su tratamiento se debe considerar el ácido hialurónico por vía oral. Objetivo: Valorar la evolución de los parámetros isocinéticos de fuerza muscular en la articulación de la rodilla con gonalgia leve antes y después del consumo de un extracto de cresta de gallo (ECG), rico en ácido hialurónico, por vía oral. Metodología: Ensayo de intervención nutricional, doble ciego, aleatorizado, controlado con placebo y en paralelo con dos grupos de tratamiento: grupo activo con ingesta de un yogur bajo en grasa con 80 mg de ECG rico en ácido hialurónico y grupo control con ingesta de un yogur bajo en grasa sin ECG. Se valoraron los parámetros isocinéticos de pico torque (PT), trabajo total (TT) y potencia media (PM) a las velocidades de 180º/seg y 240º/seg para los movimientos de flexión y extensión de la rodilla. Resultados: Después de 12 semanas del consumo del yogur, los hombres del grupo activo, en comparación con los del grupo control, obtuvieron diferencias estadísticamente significativas (p<0,05) y mejora clínica (>10%) a la velocidad de 180º/seg en el movimiento de extensión en la variable PT (p=0,048) (19,33%), TT (p=0,020) (37,97%) y PM (p=0,029) (47,25%), y en el movimiento de flexión en la variable PT (p=0,007) (25,41%), TT (p=0,014) (42,98%) y PM (p=0,022) (48,90%). Conclusión: La ingesta de un yogur bajo en graso con extracto de cresta de gallo rico en ácido hialurónico mejora la fuerza muscular de la rodilla en hombres con gonalgia leve

Background: Knee osteoarthritis manifests itself in a first phase as a mild gonalgia and produces a decrease in muscle strength, which can be objectively assessed with isokinetic testing. In the treatment of knee osteoarthritis, should be considered the hyaluronic acid orally. Objective: Assess the evolution of isokinetic parameters of muscle strength in the knee joint with mild gonalgia before and after the consumption of RCE, rich in hyaluronic acid, orally. Methodology: Nutritional intervention trial, double-blind, randomized, controlled with placebo and in parallel with two treatment groups: the active group with a low-fat yogurt with 80 mg of roster comb extract (RCE) and the control group with a low-fat yogurt without RCE. The main variables of the study were the peak torque, total work and mean power of the isokinetic valuation at the speed of 180 º/seg and 240 º/seg by the movements of flexion and extension of the knee joint. Results: After 12 weeks of consumption of yogurt, men of the active group, compared with those in the control group, obtained statistically significant differences (p <0.05) and clinical improvement (>10%) at the speed of 180º/seg in the movement extension in the PT variable (p=0.048) (19.33%), TT (p=0.020) (37.97%) and PM (p=0.029) (47.25%), and in the flexion movement in the variable PT (p=0.007) (25.41%), TT (p=0.014) (42.98%) and PM (p=0.022) (48.90%). Conclusions: The intake of a low-fat yogurt with RCE rich in hyaluronic acid improves the muscle strength of the knee in men with mild gonalgia

Effectiveness of a low-fat yoghurt supplemented with rooster comb extract on muscle strength in adults with mild knee pain and mechanisms of action on muscle regeneration.

PURPOSE: To determine the effects of the intake of low-fat yoghurt supplemented with rooster comb extract (RCE) on muscle strength. METHODS AND RESULTS: 148 subjects, with mild knee pain, participated in a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, and parallel study. Muscle strength, knee effusion, and pain perception were measured. C2C12 myoblasts were used to elucidate the mechanisms of action involved. RCE improved total work and mean power in men, and also peak torque in extension by 10%. RCE reduced synovial effusion by 11.8% and pain perception by 24.6%. Both RCE and HA increased myoblast proliferation by 29%, while RCE reduced myoblast differentiation by 36.2%, suggesting a beneficial role of RCE in muscle regeneration. CONCLUSIONS: Low-fat yoghurt supplemented with RCE improved muscle strength. This effect is partially explained by muscle regeneration enhancement, reduced synovial effusion, and reduced pain perception, which could exert a beneficial clinical impact on men affected by mild knee pain.

Design and evaluation of a campaign to promote the consumption of vegetables and fruits in Mexican school-age children.

INTRODUCTION: In Mexican school-age children the consumption of vegetables and fruits (V&F) is less than 25% of the amount recommended by the World Health Organization. OBJECTIVES: Evaluate the effectiveness of a promotion campaign about the consumption of V&F in urban school children from Hidalgo, Mexico. METHODS: A non controlled community trial in 226 school-age children from private and public schools was conducted, we designed and distributed printed material for promoting the consumption of V&F among the school population, access to V&F was provided through planning and sales at school stores, and consumption was supervised by the teachers. RESULTS: At the end of the intervention vegetable consumption increased by 50 g and plain water in 100 mL (T-test, p < 0.05); the proportion of school-age children who identified the health benefits of the consumption of V&F increased significantly (68% initial, 87% final) and greater support from parents (61% initial, 92 final%) was achieved. CONCLUSIONS: A promotion campaign and improved access to vegetables, fruits and water in the school environment which is supported by parents and teachers can encourage healthier eating at school.

Design and evaluation of a campaign to promote the consumption of vegetables and fruits in Mexican school-age children / Diseño y evaluación de una campaña de promoción del consumo de verduras y frutas en escolares mexicanos

Introduction: In Mexican school-age children the consumption of vegetables and fruits (V&F) is less than 25% of the amount recommended by the World Health Organization. Objectives: Evaluate the effectiveness of a promotion campaign about the consumption of V&F in urban school children from Hidalgo, Mexico. Methods: A non controlled community trial in 226 school-age children from private and public schools was conducted, we designed and distributed printed material for promoting the consumption of V&F among the school population, access to V&F was provided through planning and sales at school stores, and consumption was supervised by the teachers. Results: At the end of the intervention vegetable consumption increased by 50 g and plain water in 100 mL (T-test, p < 0.05); the proportion of school-age children who identified the health benefits of the consumption of V&F increased significantly (68% initial, 87% final) and greater support from parents (61% initial, 92 final%) was achieved. Conclusions: A promotion campaign and improved access to vegetables, fruits and water in the school environment which is supported by parents and teachers can encourage healthier eating at school (AU)

Introducción: en escolares mexicanos el consumo de verduras y frutas y (VyF) es menor del 25% de la cantidad recomendada por la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Objetivos: evaluar la efectividad de una campaña de promoción del consumo de VyF en niños de escuelas urbanas de Hidalgo, México. Métodos: se realizó un ensayo comunitario no contralado en 226 escolares de una escuela privada y una pública; se diseñó y distribuyó material impreso de promoción del consumo de VyF entre la población escolar; se facilitó el acceso a VyF mediante una planificación y venta en establecimientos de consumo escolar, y se supervisó el consumo por los profesores. Resultados: al finalizar la intervención, se incrementó el consumo de verduras en 50 g y el de agua simple en 100 ml (T-test, p < 0,05); se aumentó significativamente la proporción de escolares que identificaban los beneficios en su salud del consumo de VyF (68% inicial, 87% final) y se logró mayor apoyo de los padres de familia (61% inicial, 92% final). Conclusiones: una campaña de promoción y mejoramiento del acceso a verduras, frutas y agua en el contexto escolar, que cuente con el apoyo de padres de familia y profesores, puede favorecer una alimentación más saludable en la escuela (AU)

A low-fat yoghurt supplemented with a rooster comb extract on muscle joint function in adults with mild knee pain: a randomized, double blind, parallel, placebo-controlled, clinical trial of efficacy.

Preliminary results suggested that oral-administration of rooster comb extract (RCE) rich in hyaluronic acid (HA) was associated with improved muscle strength. Following these promising results, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of low-fat yoghurt supplemented with RCE rich in HA on muscle function in adults with mild knee pain; a symptom of early osteoarthritis. Participants (n = 40) received low-fat yoghurt (125 mL d(-1)) supplemented with 80 mg d(-1) of RCE and the placebo group (n = 40) consumed the same yoghurt without the RCE, in a randomized, controlled, double-blind, parallel trial over 12 weeks. Using an isokinetic dynamometer (Biodex System 4), RCE consumption, compared to control, increased the affected knee peak torque, total work and mean power at 180° s(-1), at least 11% in men (p < 0.05) with no differences in women. No dietary differences were noted. These results suggest that long-term consumption of low-fat yoghurt supplemented with RCE could be a dietary tool to improve muscle strength in men, associated with possible clinical significance. However, further studies are needed to elucidate reasons for these sex difference responses observed, and may provide further insight into muscle function.

Evaluación de las aplicaciones locales de una solución limpiadora suave con Dinafitol de Bardana y pH8: estudio realizado en consulta privada / Evaluation of the local application of a mild cleansing solution: study carried out in private consultation

Estudio realizado en consulta privada de los 17 médicos participantes, en 150 pacientes con vulvovaginitis, de los que se reportan 148 casos provenientes de tres principales ciudades del Ecuador (Guayaquil, Quito y Cuenca).Tipo de estudio: Abierto, multicéntrico, no comparativo.Objetivo: Evaluar la eficacia y tolerancia de una solución limpiadora suave con contenido de Bardana, en el período previo al tratamiento específico, como ayuda en el control del prurito y eritema presentes en las vulvovaginitis.Material y método: Se utilizó una solución limpiadora suave con contenido de Dinafitoles de Bardana y nivel de pH 8. Fueron reclutadas 150 pacientes de acuerdo a los criterios de inclusión, no inclusión y exclusión. La sintomatología fue evaluada al inicio y al final del estudio. Se recomendó el uso del producto en higiene local dos veces al día por siete días mientras se esperaba el resultado del examen cito bacteriológico vaginal.Resultados:•98.0% de mejoría y desaparición del prurito.•96.5% de mejoría y desaparición del eritema.En cuanto a la tolerancia al producto utilizado, el 95.3% reportó la calificación de “buena”.Conclusión: Se logró demostrar la utilidad de la solución limpiadora suave con pH8 y contenido de Dinafitol de Bardana, concluyendo que su utilización está justificada en los casos de vulvovaginitis y que, gracias a la tolerancia y aceptación de las pacientes se puede recomendar también su uso cotidiano en la higiene íntima y corporal. Por los resultados obtenidos, podemos considerar el uso de esta solución limpiadora como de primera elección en el manejo de las patologías relacionadas con el prurito y eritema y como un excelente coadyuvante en el tratamiento etiológico de las vulvovaginitis en las que con frecuencia advertimos la presencia de esta sintomatología.

Study carried out in the private consultation of 17 doctors selected to participate in the study that included 150 patients with vulvovaginitis, of which 148 cases are reported from in the three main cities of the Ecuador, (Guayaquil, Quito and Cuenca). Type of study: Open, multicentral, not comparative. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and tolerance of a mild cleansing solution, containing Bardana, during the period prior to a specific treatment, in order to help the control of pruritus and erythema present in the vulvovaginitis. Material and method: A mild cleansing solution with a pH level 8 was used. 150 patients were recruited according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study. The symptoms were evaluated at the beginning and at the end of the study. The use of the product was recommended twice a day for seven days while expecting the results of the bacteriological vaginal exam.Results:•98.0% of improvement and disappearance of pruritus.•96.5% of improvement and disappearance of erythema. As for the tolerance to the use of product, 95.3% of the patients reported it as “good”. Conclusion: It was possible to demonstrate the how important is the use of the mild cleansing solution with a pH 8. We conclude that its use is justified in the case of vulvovaginitis and that thanks to its tolerance and the patients' acceptance, it may also be recommended to be used daily in the intimate and corporal hygiene. With the reported results, one can consider the use of this mild cleansing solution as the first election in the handling of pathologies related with pruritus and erythema and as an excellent help for etiological treatment of the vulvovaginitis in those that frequently notice the presence of this symptoms.